The latest works 57

since January 11, 2015



"Drifting Emboss illusion"
(sine type)

The inset appears to move.

Copyright Akiyoshi Kitaoka 2016 (February 15)



(verticals and horizontals)




(cosine type)

Copyright Akiyoshi Kitaoka 2016 (February 15)



"Rotation of quilts"

Rings appear to rotae when observers get close to or move away from the image fixating at the center.

Copyright Akiyoshi Kitaoka 2016 (February 14)


(monochromatic version)



"A new foot-step illusion using a pattern for an extinction illusion"

Squares slide to and fro with a constant speed, but they appear to accelerate or slow down repeatedly. The squares slow down when the right and left edges are moving on oblique-line grating patterns. The footstep illusion was proposed by Anstis (2001). Kitaoka and Anstis (2016) published its second-order variations.

Copyright Akiyoshi Kitaoka 2016 (January 23)

Anstis, S. M. (2001). Footsteps and inchworms: Illusions show that contrast modulates motion salience. Perception, 30(7), 785-94.

Kitaoka, A. and Anstis, S. (2015). Second-order footsteps illusions. i-Perception, 6(6), 1–4. PDF (open access) --- Supplement Movie --- Movie demos new!

Kitaoka, A. and Anstis, S. (2016). Second-order footsteps illusions. Oral presentation in the 2016 Winter Conference of the Vision Society of Japan, January 22, 2016. Presentation (html)


"A new foot-step illusion using a pattern for an extinction illusion 2"

Squares slide to and fro with a constant speed, but they appear to accelerate or slow down repeatedly. The squares slow down when the right and left edges are moving on oblique-line grating patterns.

Copyright Akiyoshi Kitaoka 2016 (January 23)



"Rotating chains"

Disks of chains appear to rotate.

Copyright Akiyoshi Kitaoka 2013 (Febryary 24); uploaded 2016 (January 10)



]"Rotating tablets: dark and light"

In the dark image (RGB additive color mixture), the upper left ring and the lower right one appear to rotate counterclockwise whereas the other two clockwise. Conversely, in the light image (CMY subtractive color mixture), the upper left ring and the lower right one appear to rotate clockwise whereas the other two counterclockwise.

Copyright Akiyoshi Kitaoka 2015 (December 17)



]"Rotating stumps"

Stumps appear to rotate.

Copyright Akiyoshi Kitaoka 2015 (September 18)


"Koffka ring like illusion"

The hair and clothes are the same gray. When the image is splitted as shown in the right, those in the left half appear to be lighter than those in the right half.

Copyright Akiyoshi Kitaoka 2015 (September 5)


A: Koffka ring; B: Benary's image


"Munker illusion with RGB"

The left heart appears to be red-purple while the right one to be orange, though they are the same red.

Copyright Akiyoshi Kitaoka 2015 (August 6)


"Munker illusion with CMY"

The left heart appears to be red-purple while the right one to be orange, though they are the same red.

Copyright Akiyoshi Kitaoka 2015 (August 6)


Munker illusion: standard

The left heart appears to be red-purple while the right one to be orange, though they are the same red.

Copyright Akiyoshi Kitaoka 2015 (June 2)


"Girl with black hair and black clothes and girl with white hair and white clothes"

The apparent black hair and apparent black clothes are the same as the apparent white hair and apparent white clothes. They consist of red and cyan stripes. This difference in appearance depends on the difference whether the image reflects the subtractive color mixture or the additive one.

Copyright Akiyoshi Kitaoka 2015 (July 15)


Expanded images



Further expanded images



The original images





blue-yellow image


green-magenta image

Copyright Akiyoshi Kitaoka 2015 (July 15)




"Girl with black hair and black cloth and girl with white hair and white cloth: standard color constancy images"

The apparent black hair and apparent black cloth are the same gray (RGB=128,128,128) as the apparent white hair and apparent white cloth. This difference in appearance depends on the difference in lightness constancy.

Copyright Akiyoshi Kitaoka 2015 (July 16)



cf. Two-pixel (minimum) color mixture: The apparent black hair and apparent black cloth are the same as the apparent white hair and apparent white cloth. They consist of red and cyan stripes. This difference in appearance depends on the difference whether the image reflects the subtractive color mixture or the additive one.




Continuity between apparent black and apparent white

Copyright Akiyoshi Kitaoka 2015 (July 17)



"Girl with black hair and black cloth and girl with white hair and white cloth: figure-ground segregation images"

The apparent black hair and apparent black cloth are the same black and white stripes as the apparent white hair and apparent white cloth. This difference in appearance depends on the difference in figure-ground segregation.

Copyright Akiyoshi Kitaoka 2015 (July 16)



"Concentric circles"

Concentric rings appear to be distorted.

Copyright Akiyoshi Kitaoka 2015 (June 30)



"Café Wall spiral snake"

Gray concentric rings appear to be spirals.

Copyright Akiyoshi Kitaoka 2015 (June 6)



"Illusion that hearts appears to be red or cyan when observed at a distance or when it is blurred"

Hearts appear to be black when viewed closely. But, as viewed at a distance, the left heart appears to be red and the right one to be cyan.

Copyright Akiyoshi Kitaoka 2015 (May 18)


"Illusion that the mouth appears to be reddish when observed at a distance or when it is blurred"

The mouth appears to be black or dark when seen closely.

Copyright Akiyoshi Kitaoka 2015 (April 28)




cf. CMY image


"Apparent reddish strawberries"

Strawberries appear to be reddish, though this image consists of pixels of cyan hue. (using the additive color change with sRGB data)

Copyright Akiyoshi Kitaoka 2015 (March 23)


Original image



"Apparent reddish strawberries (two-color method)"

Strawberries appear to be reddish, though this image consists of pixels of cyan hue. (using the two-color method with sRGB data)

Copyright Akiyoshi Kitaoka 2015 (March 24)


"Apparent reddish strawberries (two-colorization and additive color change)"

Strawberries appear to be reddish, though this image consists of pixels of cyan hue. (using the two-colorization and additive color change with sRGB data)

Copyright Akiyoshi Kitaoka 2015 (March 24)


"A train in Switzerland"

The lower half of the train appears to be bluish, though this image consists of pixels of red hue. (using the two-color method with nonlinear RGB data)

Copyright Akiyoshi Kitaoka 2015 (January 11)



The original photo taken on August 14, 2010 @Montreux, Switzerland



"A train in Switzerland: Orange color"

The lower half of the train appears to be bluish, though this image consists of pixels of orange hue. (using the two-color method with nonlinear RGB data)

Copyright Akiyoshi Kitaoka 2015 (January 15)


"A train in Switzerland: Orange color 2"

The lower half of the train appears to be bluish, though this image consists of pixels of red or orange hue. (using the additive color change with linear RGB data)

Copyright Akiyoshi Kitaoka 2015 (February 5)


Gamma correction data


"A train in Switzerland: Orange color 3"

The lower half of the train appears to be bluish, though this image consists of pixels of red or orange or yellow hue. (using the additive color change with nonlinear RGB data)

Copyright Akiyoshi Kitaoka 2015 (February 5)


56 The latest works (September 2014 - December 2014)
55 The latest works (May 2014 - September 2014)
54 The latest works (January 2014 - April 2014)
53 The latest works (January 2014 - January 2014)
52 The latest works (September 2013 - January 2014)
51 The latest works (April 2013 - September 2013)
50 The latest works (December 2012 - April 2013)
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