Rotating snakes: Flicker-enhanced versions

The illusion magitude of "Rotating snakes" or related works might be enhanced by flickering the images.

since January 9, 2006

Warning: This page includes real animations. Please do not keep watching them for a long time. Although this page has carefully avoided the known harmful stimuli, unknown ones might happen to be included. Never copy them.


"Rotating snakes"

Circular snakes appear to rotate 'spontaneously'.

Copyright A.Kitaoka 2003 (September 2, 2003)

Explanation (the enhanced Faser-Wilcox illusion) (PDF file)
The page of "Rotating snakes"
The page of "Rotating snakes 2"

The commercial use of this image is not free of charge. Modification of this image for commercial purpose is usually declined. Educational or research use or modification is welcome


"Rotating snakes"
(Printer-adjusted version)

Circular snakes appear to rotate 'spontaneously'.

Copyright A.Kitaoka 2003 (September 2, 2003)


"Rotating snakes"

Circular snakes appear to rotate 'spontaneously'.

Copyright A.Kitaoka 2003 (September 2, 2003)


"Rotating spiral snakes"

Snakes appear to rotate (the enhanced Fraser-Wilcox illusion*1). Gray concentric circles appear to be a spiral (spiral illusion*2).

Copyright A.Kitaoka 2004 (March 9, 2004)

*1 e.g. Kitaoka, A. and Ashida, H. (2003) Phenomenal characteristics of the peripheral drift illusion. VISION, 15, 261-262.

*2 e.g. Kitaoka, A., Pinna, B., and Brelstaff, G. (2001). New variations of spiral illusions. Perception, 30, 637-646.


"Advancing snakes"

Snakes appear to move.

Copyright Aiyoshi Kitaoka 2005 (April 27)


"Rotating snakes 3"

Rings of snakes appear to rotate.

Copyright A.Kitaoka 2004 (February 25, 2004)


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