EXCHANGE;

CONSIDERED AS THE PRINCIPLE OF SOCIAL LIFE

Chapter �T

Causality and Finality
Two ford relation of man to his surroundings
Assimilation
Illustration
Man gives an aim to the blind nature
Physical world apart from conscious
activity: idea of causation
Force and matter
Conservation of Energy
Correlation and transxxxxtation of forces
Positive Science and metaphysics
Limit of positive science
Summary
Principle of limitation
Chance: haw determined
Historical example
Three elements in chance conducted
No aim in the activity of nature
Man's action has an aim
Idealism in Sociology
posis view
Argument from biology
Analogy from electricity
Application
Persistence of force, refuted
Introduction of consciousness dose not conflict with the idea of conservation of energy
Argument from our experience
Illustration
Some objection, answered
A relation of time to perception
Means and End
The end of social existence

Chapter �U　

Conception of man
"Ego" and " tie"
Man : objected by considered
stimulus and reaction
Definition of the word reflection
Reflex action of man
Stimulus
Mechanism of reflection
Mind
Consciousness
Space and time
Imagination
Illustration from the production of wealth
Causation and chance
Two dimentions[sic] of time
Objective nature of Knowledge
Nature of voluntary activity
Objective nature of desire
Influence of Knowledge of law of causation upon the desire
Difference of psychic mechanism between lower animals and man
Summary of the chapter

Chapter �V　

Conception of man(continued)
Man; Subjectively considered
External expression
Self-consciousness is entirely isolated
Unity of Self-consciousness
Man is the measure of all things
different persons have different tastes
different senses have different desires
How is communication possible
Sign
Physical Communication
Agreement of association
Expression of Eyes
Conclusion

Chapter �W　

Conception of Wealth
Two aspects of wealth
Two aspects of man in his relation to society
Wealth in relation to individual
Man's relation to nature
Man's progression
Man's desire is more than that for food
Man is means and end
Relation of lower desire to higher desire
Relation of means to end
Man is end to himself
Property
Mechanism of exchange
Value in exchange
Two essentials of the exchange-value
Giving and receiving
Social mechanism
Man is component part of the mechanism
Conclusion

Chapter �X　

Conception of society
Social activity is some thing more than mere arithmetical sum of activities of individuals in it
Social consciousness
Principle of limitation, applied
Automatic and intelligent action
Spirit of the time
Summary
Organism of man proper
Principle of reciprocity
Limitation of reciprocity
Summary

Chapter �Y　

Condition of exchange
General statement
Three factors of exchange
Man; as a factor of exchange
Wealth; as a factor of exchange
Society; as a factor of exchange
General law of exchange
Exchange is influenced by compulsion
Exchange is influenced by rule or law
General remark on its bearing on morality
Ethics: intuitive and empirical school
Rhythmic nature of man and his surroundings
Principle of judgement
Judgement and exchange

Chapter �Z　

Actual process of exchange
General remark
Those who offer
Man will not work unless it pays him
Limit in the freedom of choice
Limit in personal capacity
Labor and ********
Its subjective relation
Justice and progression
progression
justice
Consumer
What determines the price
Agreement between buyer and seller
An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth
Social tie: not physical
Three different kinds of ties
Custom or public sentiment
Positive law
Love
Volition as their basis
Oppression and liberty
Liberty
oppression
Wisdom teaches us not to attempt impossible thing

Chapter �[　

Market
Society; as a market
Apparent injustice
Luck and altruism
Their relation to social esteem
Socialism of Saint-Simon
In equality: the postulate of the society
Social ranks
Analysis of some motives
Circulation of money
It is more than medium of commercial exchange
Ethical satisfaction is a medium of exchange
Summery
For motion of ranks
Ethical satisfaction is a medium

Chapter �\　

Current and counter current
Analysis of concrete cases
Responsibility of person in exchange
Choice of art***** in exchange
Choice of things
money can not do double work
Choice of persons
Concrete examples
Money and Long wage
Exchange without money

Chapter �]　

The institution
The institution; a medium of exchange
Causa obligation on consideration
Free-will and justice
Positive law
Law, morality and desire
Sanction characterizes the positive law
Punishment which is not sanction
Law, custom and public opinion
The two aspects of the positive law
Mechanism of exchange
Nationality of institutions are various
The family
Bacon are marriage and single life
Prof. ***** remark
Parents and children
Institution for education
Its relation to students
How institution is paid?
Summary
Business organization
Money is road, institution is bridge
Charity
Enterprise

Chapter　XI　

The institution (continued)
Religious institution
Its relation to society
Church
An organ of the state
Force and free-will
Missionary movement
Organization of laborer
Competition
Ownership of land and goods
Free-will under many pressured
Natured limit to free-choice
Rhythmic difference
Nature has limit but desire of man has no limit
Oppression is a natural tendency
Various manifestations of physical forces
Government
Its negative function
Its positive function
Conclusion of the chapter

Chapter XII　

Nature and society
General Remark
Series of means and end
Subjective nature of means and end
Series of isolated lives
Intellect connects them
Employee and laborer
Practical need calls for some power
Submission to the unknown power
A glimpse into the unknown power
Egoism and altruism
influence of man upon the coming generations
Service of the unknown power to man
Spirits of positivism

Chapter XIII　

Province of sociology
General Remark
Three cause of social phenomena
General plan for the following pages
Analytic and synthetic definitions compared
What are not social phenomena
Social phenomena and sociology
Relation of sociology to other sciences
Physical sciences
Consciousness
Nature of volition
Subjective side
Objective side
Aim of social movement
Desire for physical comfort
Desire for society
Desire for self-satisfaction
Conclusion

Chapter X�W

Province of sociology(continued)
General Remark on social organism
Bl****** quoted
Postulate of sociology
Element of social organism
Unmoving social constitution
Private property
Fine art, poetry etc. in relation to man
negative social relation
Two predicates of poetry
positive social relation
Three different stand points of sociology
mechanism of wealth production
Capital: its relation to society
Social organism, compared with machine
Double relation of man to society

Chapter X�X

Province of sociology(continued)

Mechanism to secure personal on social baffeness
Psychic mechanism of friendship
Objective means of personal attraction
Social relation to create friendship
measure of personal attainment is impossible
Conclusion
Mechanism for productive man
Three factors in producing man
Influence upon youth
Individuality
Its social function
Influence of foresight upon the development of individuality
Conclusion
Society, personified
Three different formes of dynamical causes
Social Growth
Summary of the three different functions of the social organism
Definition of social organism
Definition of sociology